In this unique approach to X-ray inspection, Dr. Cardoso takes the reader through the history of X-ray technology, beginning with Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen's 1895 discovery of X-rays, which revolutionized medical imaging. This led to the development of modern X-ray machines used in various fields, including electronics. These machines are designed through imaging, motion, and decision steps, with the 1980s invention of the ball grid array (BGA) package simplifying defect detection. Key components include the X-ray source and sensor, with important parameters like focal spot size and pixel size. Imaging configurations, magnification types, and radiation intensity are crucial for system performance. X-ray inspection in electronics manufacturing identifies common defects in SMT assembly, while safety aspects emphasize proper handling, minimizing radiation exposure, and compliance with regulations.